What is an electromagnetic wave?

 Electric fields are induced by the electric charge at rest, the magnetic fields by the moving charge and the radiation is produced by the acceleration or deceleration of the electric charge. Near its source, the fields can be either electric or magnetic depending on their mode of creation, but viewed from a distance they appear as electromagnetic fields combined.

 

An electromagnetic wave is formed by the movement back and forth (undulations) of an electric field and magnetic field carrying a certain amount of energy. This energy or radiation, varies the amplitude, frequency and wavelength. The higher the frequency is higher and energy is important.

 There are different types of electromagnetic waves as shown in the diagram below. 

Some devices emit different frequencies thus: 

The waves of high or very high frequency (microwave and radio) have an immediate effect heat generating excessive heat on areas of the body with which the devices are connected. For example: the face area for cell phones. (See section "Thermal Testing").

The waves of low or very low frequencies have no thermal effects, but according to some experts, long periods of exposure to these frequencies produce negative effects on health and the environment. In addition it has been shown to disrupt the operation energy (the electro-physiological) persons (see section "Testing non-thermal") and plants (see section "Studies and Research) 

A GSM cellular phone 1 or UMTS 2, without a son to the house DECT 3, a computer, TV, GPS 4, clock radio, a games console or just a microwave oven ... all emit electromagnetic waves of high and low frequencies. (See section "Precautions & Prevention"). 

1) GSM: Global System for Mobile communications. Existing digital network on two separate frequencies or surrounding 900 MHz and 1800MHz. 

 
2) UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System. Technology for video telephony and mobile TV. Emet on a frequency around 1960MHz and receives around 2150 MHz. 

 
3) DECT Digital European Cordless Telecommunication. Formerly used by businesses, they quickly replaced our wired phones at home. They operate on a frequency between 1880MHz and 1930Mhz. 

 
4) GPS: Global Positioning System. Network Positioning Satellites commonly used to identify geographically without cards. Emet continuous two microwave frequencies: 1228MHz and 1575MHz.

What is an antenna?

 In radio, an antenna is a device used to radiate (transmitter) or receive (RX), the electromagnetic waves.

What is a phase?

The phase indicates the instantaneous position in the cycle, a magnitude which varies cyclically. Phase is a quantity without unit.

We can not know the total phase of a wave at a time and place given by a simple measure if we do not know in advance its equation. It must first be sampled at several time steps for the complete cycle of the wave period. In reality, the value of the total phase of a wave is not very useful. The size is really useful is the phase difference or phase shift between two locations, two times or two waves.
 

What is the phase shift ?

 The phase shift between two waves is the difference between their phases. Often, we measure the phase difference at the same moment for both waves, but not always in the same place in space.

The Inspire Patch antennas have been created from this physical principle undeniable applied since many years in different sectors of industry:

- The phase noise is very important: for example, in an orchestra, when recording a snare drum, two microphones (Stamp and skin) are directed towards the same place at the same distance but in opposite direction . Everything that is positive for a microphone is negative for the other .... If one of the voices did not reverse its phase triggered, your speakers do not go out much.

Two identical sounds and added find themselves fully and completely canceled, if not possible than electricity. When you have 2 signals out of phase when one of them is 10 dB, the second is-10dB, the result is the black curve .... the silence!

. The magnetic phase shift allows the MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that a magnetic field 20,000 times the earth's field do not incur any risk to patients scanned. The strong magnetic radiation (2 tesla) becomes harmless. 

- The electronic dephasing in aviation allows American stealth aircraft covered antennas in phase, to be undetected by radar when the signals are phase shifted 180 °. They seem to be invisible to these cameras.

- The phase shift used by the helmets (Noise Canceling) anti-noise to cancel background noise for not propose, in the hollow of the ear, an audio signal more or less cleared of external noise. They are based on the physical principle his / anti-sound: a sound signal is canceled by the superimposition of the same signal phase inversion. One or more microphones (usually placed in the atria) capture ambient noise. The system for reducing noise generated when a signal is identical but reversed in phase. The noise is then eliminated for the listener without the music to be altered. 


- The phase shift photonics is what allows the laser light to read CDs. 

The laser light is reflected from the deeper parts and flat parts. The hollow depth is equal to half the wavelength of light (0.12 μm). This causes a phase shift of the reflected light is thus not detected by the reader. These changes are interpreted by the reader as impulses. The light is reflected off the flat like the palm, but the reflection is almost canceled each crossing of a trough. 


To summarize :

- The waves in phase add up, so that pollution increases.

- The waves out of phase at 180 ° is subtracted, so that pollution decreases.

- Electromagnetic waves out of phase are called "antagonistic Waves" and have an effect on living antidote. It has been shown that even if the phase shift is around 1% is sufficient information at the biological level that our brain accepts this phase shift and maintain balance in our cells. (see section "Testing non-thermal"). 

- When one opposes a force of nature identical, at the same time and same place, the two forces cancel out. We are in opposition force. In electricity, we found this phenomenon with the phases (see diagram below). The opposite phase cancels the force of one or the other and the result is a zero point or neutral.

This is exactly what happens with the patch-antenna Inspire. The phase information is sent to the brain through the body and especially our cells that receive these waves out of phase. The analyzed information is returned to our body is kept in balance. (see section "Testing non-thermal). 


 Explanations schematic:

A sinusoidal signal is a signal (wave) whose amplitude, observed at a specific location is a sinusoidal function of time. 
The sine function is a function that calculates the sine of an angle from the value of this angle. 
A sinusoid is the form of this function (see Figure 1)

 

Examples

The amplitude of the signal may correspond to a pressure (sound) - the pressure is the force exerted on a given surface to a moving (vibrating string), a quantity of electrons moving electric current) or an electromagnetic wave (a wave is the propagation of a disturbance occurring on its passage a reversible change of properties).

Characteristics of a sinusoidal signal

A sinusoidal signal is characterized by its amplitude and frequency. It can save the form:

G (t) = G: Amplitude of the greatness known as peak

w: pulse magnitude in rad / s

(W t + j) Instant phase in radians

j: Phase Originally rad (often set by the experimenter)

When one compares 2 signals of the same frequency, it is necessary to indicate how long they are staggered. This is called phase shift.
They say that the signals are in phase "if they are superimposed.


      

Figure 2a shows signals phase shifted by 90 °.

Figure 2b shows signals in "antiphase" out of phase by 180 °.

The phase shift is deduced by a simple rule 3 of the temporal gap between the 2 signals.

Indeed 0 ° (or 0 radians) corresponds to 0 seconds and 360 ° phase shift (or 2 p radians) correspond to signals lagged one period (T), then they are again in phase.

We call t (Tau) the time lag between the 2 signals.

How to calculate the air in phases?

The easiest way is to view the signal on an oscilloscope and look at the difference between the 2 sinusoids (it must be between 2 rising edges or falling edges 2 and especially not between a rising edge and falling edge) the measure is called Tau * (in seconds) to find the angle you phase shift using the formula Fi = (2 * pi * tau) / T, where T and Tau are in the same unit (s, ms, μs or by frequency). This gives the phase shift value
.

formula in degrees : 

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